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* Syrian Armed Forces * National Defense Force * Security agencies * Shabiha Hezbollah SSNP〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The SSNP ‘Hurricane’ in the Syrian Conflict: Syria and South Lebanon Are the Same Battlefield )〕 |commander1= Abdul Qadir al-Homsi (FSA provincial commander)〔 Khadar Al Halouani (FSA Homs city commander) Col. Fatih Fahd Hasoon (FSA provincial Military Council leader) Lt. Abdul Razzaq Tlass (Farouq Brigades Commander; until October 2012) Lt. Abu Sayeh Juneidi (Farouq Brigades Commander; since October 2012)〔 Abdul Rahman Orfalli (protest leader) Mohammed al-Sukni (Liwaa Al-Umma Commander) Abdelbasset Saroot (Bayyada Martyrs Battalion commander)〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Who's who: Abdulbaset Sarout )〕 Ahmad Hassan Abou Assaad al-Sharkassi (Bayyada Martyrs Battalion commander)〔(L’ASL annonce des bataille de libération de Hama et Maarat al-Numan, à défaut de les remporter pendant que le Front al-Nosra part en guerre contre les Druzes )〕 Abou Souffiane (Ahl Al Athar Brigade commander) |commander2= Gen. Maher al-Assad (since February 2012) Gen. Ghassan Afif Gen. Mohamed Maaruf〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=COUNCIL IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) No 55/2012 )〕 Gen. Abdo al-Tallawi Gen. Nizar al-Hussein〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=الوكالة العربية السورية للأنباء - Syrian Arab News Agency )〕 |units1= Free Syrian Army: Khalid bin Walid battalion Farouq Brigades〔(Syria: The Devastated Battlefield Of Homs )〕 |units2=Elements of: 14th Special Forces Division * 556th SF regiment 15th Special Forces Division * 35th SF Regiment * 127th SF Regiment * 403rd Armored Regiment 4th Armored Division * 555th SF regiment * 154th Artillery Regiment Republican Guard * 104th Mechanized Brigade * 105th Mechanized Brigade 11th Armored Division 18th Armoured Division Other units: * 45th independent SF Regiment * 47th independent SF Regiment * 53rd independent SF Regiment * 54th independent SF Regiment〔http://www.understandingwar.org/sites/default/files/TheAssadRegime-web.pdf〕 * Unit 910 (Hezbollah)〔 |strength1= Unknown |strength2= 7,000–10,000 troops〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Syria’s looming threat of civil war )〕 200–300 tanks〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Inside Syria's Death Zone: Assad's Regime Hunts People in Homs )〕 |casualties1= 2,000–2,200〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Syria rebels in final retreat from heart of Homs )〕 killed (June 2012–May 2014) 5,000–6,000 captured〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Reports of a riot in Homs prison )〕 (by late July 2012) |casualties2= 859 soldiers and policemen killed (by mid-Feb. 2012) |casualties3= |notes= }} The Siege of Homs was a military confrontation between the Syrian military and the Syrian opposition in the city of Homs as a part of the Syrian Civil War. The siege lasted three years from May 2011 to May 2014 and resulted in an opposition withdrawal from the city.〔 Nationwide anti-government protests began in March 2011, and clashes between security forces and protestors in Homs intensified in April.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Struggle for Syria )〕 In May 2011, the Syrian military conducted a crackdown against anti-government protesters, some of whom were armed and fired on security forces. Unlike previous crackdowns conducted elsewhere in Syria, the operation in Homs failed to quell the unrest.〔 The city was also unique for its relatively high level of sectarian violence.〔 As soldiers defected and protesters took up arms, the situation evolved into prolonged street fighting between security forces and insurgents, who gained ground and the control of several quarters of the city.〔 In October and November, rebels in Homs effectively resisted attempts by the Syrian military to enter the rebel-controlled district of Baba Amr.〔 The district was described as a refuge for army defectors.〔 In late December 2011, an Arab mission was sent to monitor the situation following the Arab League plan.〔The Independent, 'Arab league observers arrive in Syria to monitor crackdown', 27 December 2011 ()〕 Following the abortive mission, the Syrian Army in February 2012 launched an offensive against Baba Amr, shelling the entire district and blocking all supply routes. In early March, government forces launched a ground assault into Baba Amr, forcing the rebels to withdraw from the neighborhood.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Syria's Armed Opposition )〕 By early May 2012, following a UN brokered cease-fire, only sporadic street fighting and shelling occurred. During this time, the government was in control of most of the city. The opposition held between 15% and 20% of Homs while fighting for control of a similar-sized area was still ongoing.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Homs: A scarred and divided city )〕 In December 2012, the Syrian Army captured the district of Deir Baalba, leaving only the Old City, Khalidiya district, and a few other areas under rebel control.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=SYRIA UPDATE: THE FALL OF AL-QUSAYR )〕 In early March 2013, government forces launched an assault into several rebel-controlled neighborhoods, but the rebels, reinforced by units that arrived from the nearby rebel-controlled town of al-Qusayr, managed to repel the attacks.〔 In mid-March, rebels attempted to retake Baba Amr, but were forced to pull back later in the month.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Syrian forces take back rebel neighborhood in Homs )〕 An April offensive led by Hezbollah, a Lebanese group allied with the Assad government, into rebel-held villages near al-Qusayr compelled the rebels to halt their operations in Homs and send reinforcements to al-Qusayr.〔 Three months later, in late July, government forces captured the Khalidiya district.〔 In early May 2014, following an agreement reached between the government and the rebels, rebel forces were allowed to evacuate the city, leaving Homs under full government control.〔 == Background == On 15 March, a protest movement against the Syrian government began to escalate, as simultaneous demonstrations took place in major cities across Syria. Major issues included government corruption and repression. The protests spread to Homs on 18 March, after online calls for a "Friday of Dignity" ((アラビア語:جمعة الكرامة)). Thousands of protesters took to the streets after Friday prayers. Attempting to disperse the crowds, police conducted many arrests and assaulted protesters. As protests continued into April, security forces fired on demonstrators, resulting in dozens of deaths. Homs became one of the most restive cities in Syria, with some activists labeling it the "Capital of the Revolution". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Siege of Homs」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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